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Pardes refers to (types of) approaches to biblical exegesis in rabbinic Judaism or to interpretation of text in Torah study. The term, sometimes also spelled PaRDeS, is an acronym formed from the same initials of the following four approaches: *Peshat (פְּשָׁט) — "surface" ("straight") or the literal (direct) meaning.〔(Peshat ) in the Jewish Encyclopedia〕 *Remez (רֶמֶז) — "hints" or the deep (allegoric: hidden or symbolic) meaning beyond just the literal sense. *Derash (דְּרַשׁ) — from Hebrew ''darash'': "inquire" ("seek") — the comparative (midrashic) meaning, as given through similar occurrences. *Sod (סוֹד) (pronounced with a long O as in 'sore') — "secret" ("mystery") or the esoteric/mystical meaning, as given through inspiration or revelation. Each type of ''Pardes'' interpretation examines the extended meaning of a text. As a general rule, the extended meaning never contradicts the base meaning. The ''Peshat'' means the plain or contextual meaning of the text. ''Remez'' is the allegorical meaning. ''Derash'' includes the metaphorical meaning, and ''Sod'' represents the hidden meaning. There is often considerable overlap, for example when legal understandings of a verse are influenced by mystical interpretations or when a "hint" is determined by comparing a word with other instances of the same word. Some books such as Tolaat Yaakov, divide Pardes into Peshat, Remez, ''Din'' (law), and Sod. According to this understanding, ''Derash'' is divided into the homiletics, which are classified under Remez, and legal interpretations, which are classified under Din. ==Context== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pardes (Jewish exegesis)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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